Review on the manufacturing processes of organo‑mineral fertilizers and their beneficial effect on soil–plant systems

Abstract

Finding the ideal balance between production intensification and sustainability is one of agriculture's main goals. Innovative agricultural methods must be developed in order to guarantee food security because of the world's population expansion, climatic variability, and soil degradation. Organo-mineral fertilization has become a viable option in this situation. This strategy addresses soil fertility and health concerns at the same time by combining the advantages of organic and mineral resources in novel fertilizer formulations. The production of organo-mineral fertilizers is based on the co-processing of organic and mineral ingredients and is very flexible. Organo-mineral fertilizers are produced using extremely flexible methods based on the co-processing of mineral and organic elements. We also examine the positive impact of these products on the plant-soil system, focusing on their mechanisms of action. Furthermore, the review analyzes the innovation landscape of OMF based on patent submission trends over the last 20 years and outlines future research and development pathways to address the current challenges and limitations in the industry.