Decline of human modern biodiversity

Abstract

Biodiversity is a term increasingly recognized in science, policy, and society, accompanied by a growing body. In this article, we focus on key concepts, debates, patterns, trends, and drivers related to biodiversity. We begin by reviewing the history of the term and its various dimensions and values. Next, we explore what is known and unknown about global biodiversity patterns and examine changes from early human history to the present, including extinction rates and direct drivers of biodiversity change, while also highlighting some lesser-known factors. Lastly, we consider possible ways to stop the ongoing loss of life on earth and address the causes of global biodiversity loss, especially humanity's growing consuming footprint.