Ammanif Bulletin of Social Sciences

Higher education and employment trends in pakistan and comparative imbalance between males and females

Abdul Qadeer — 2024-08-31

This study aims to assess the impact of educational mismatch on income inequality in Pakistan. The research utilizes secondary data spanning around period of twenty years period, from 2000 to date the present. Statistical analysis is conducted on income inequality and, educational attainment, educational attainment of females, and educational expenditure used, in order to evaluate educational mismatch. The findings indicate that both educational attainment and educational expenditure have a positively a effect, suggesting that they contribute to educational mismatch in developing countries. Conversely, the results also demonstrate that the educational attainment of females has a negative impact on h. Higher levels of education among women can enhance income equality in Pakistan. These findings have significant implications for policymakers and governments, who should prioritize efforts to increase female education levels in order to promote greater income equality.

A mini review on prevalence, pathogenesis, transmission, mortality rate, diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis

Sana Fatima — 2024-08-31

The many viruses that cause the most prevalent forms of viral hepatitis. Other types of hepatitis, including viral hepatitis, can be brought on by things like alcoholism, drug toxicity, autoimmune diseases, or metabolic abnormalities. Depending on the underlying etiology, the specific pathophysiology of these non-viral kinds of hepatitis can change. The hepatitis A virus (HAV) is spread by tainted food and water. A person can contract the hepatitis B virus (HBV) by encountering infected blood or other bodily fluids. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) spreads via sharing needles or other drug paraphernalia or by direct contact with blood that has been infected. It is significant to remember that there are additional, less typical causes of hepatitis. It is recommended to speak with a healthcare provider for a precise diagnosis and the best course of action about the condition of liver.

A hawk’s eye view: The impact of climate change on food security in Pakistan

Ahsan Raza — 2024-08-31

The focus of this research is to comprehend the impact of climate change on food production and accessibility specifically for vulnerable populations in Pakistan. The study explores different strategies for adaptation and mitigation, such as climate-resistant farming methods, water management, and policy reforms to ensure food security in the backdrop of climate change. Pakistan, a country with a rapidly expanding population and limited cultivable land, faces significant food security challenges exacerbated by the growing threats of climate change. As one of the countries most vulnerable to global warming, Pakistan is at high risk from temperature variations, changing precipitation patterns, and extreme weather events. These factors directly affect agricultural output, water resources, livestock, and overall health and well-being. Consequently, this qualitative research, which utilized secondary data and adopted a positivist approach, emphasizes the need for integrated and comprehensive strategies to tackle climate change and its implications for food security in the country. Current evidence underscores the critical importance of substantial investment in mitigation strategies to build a climate-resilient food system and address food security challenges.

Solar system: Fundamental understanding and its glorious expansion to meet the global energy demand

Kaleem Ullah Khan — 2024-08-31

The objective of this review was to share the general information to the community. The research approach involved searching, critical reviewing and analyzing the primary and secondary sources related to the topic. Solar energy is a valuable and eco-friendly technology that serves as a major renewable and green energy source. It plays a crucial role in promoting sustainable development by providing a significant daily energy supply, making it an attractive option for generating electricity. The current advancements in concentrated solar power (CSP) and solar photovoltaic (PV) techniques focus to level up our increasing energy demands. Consequently, the global adoption of solar energy supports the energy sector and creates employment opportunities, contributing to overall development.

A critical review on various feature of research implicating mass media audience

Maria Maryam — 2024-08-31

In order to survive in today's increasingly competitive mass media landscape, it is paramount to cater to the diverse requirements and preferences of the audience. Understanding these needs requires extensive research, which can be achieved through gathering data from secondary sources such as books, journals and other relevant recorded materials. This research delves into the ideology of mass media audience research, its different forms, and offers guidance on how to conduct it effectively. However, there are several challenges that need to be overcome, including limited knowledge in audience research, a lack of necessary research skills, difficulty in obtaining reliable statistical data, and the challenge of defining audiences in the context of both traditional and new media. Given these obstacles, prioritizing mass media audience research is of utmost importance.